A Psychological Profile Of Holden Caufield Essay Example For Students

A Psychological Profile Of Holden Caufield Essay Proposition: Holden Caufield is an unfriendly, adversely charged character that experiences gloom which originates from a craving not to grow up and an absence of conclusion in his siblings death.If you truly need to find out about it, the main thing youll most likely need to know is the place I was conceived, and what my lousy youth resembled . . . (pg. 1) These first words that Holden Caufield imparts during his recount occasions that carried him to his breakdown, show the repressed threatening vibe that despite everything waits. This example of discourse, the consistent articulation of antagonism, is a character characteristic of Holden that shows his internal anguish. Holden likewise feels a consistent requirement for attestation of what he just said with expressions, for example, He truly would.(pg. 25) or It truly isnt. (Pg. 89) This consistent requirement for endorsement shows a brought down degree of confidence. This brought down confidence most likely comes from his mindfulness that he is a questionable source. The explanation he is problematic is because of his beguiling story of events. This is seen over and again as Holden develops a person as great or equitable, for example, Stradlater, (pg. 25) at that point tears him down later. (pg 43) This powerlessness to give honest records of people could originate from his consistent diversion from the current point. Holden unreservedly admits to this quality on page 183 when he says The issue with me is, I like it when someone diverges. Its all the more fascinating what not. Certain things they should remain the manner in which they are. You should have the option to stick them in one of those large glass cases and simply leave them alone.(pg. 122) This expression Holden made while examining how things were diverse each time he went to the exhibition hall, originates from a failure to acknowledge that he should grow up. The idea of growing up has driven Holden into episodes of misery as inhis conversation on page 133, Itd be altogether unique. I said. I was getting discouraged as damnation once more. This free thinker want has driven Holden to have fantasies of greatness as an anecdotal guardian angel, The Catcher in the Rye. (pg. 173) The catcher in the rye is without a doubt a representation, for shielding kids from falling into a similar standard as grown-ups. The powerlessness of Holden to acknowledge growing up and the downturn brought about by it has made Holden self-destructive, what I truly felt like, however, was submitting suicide.(pg. 104) This one expression shows the genuine profundity of Holdens depression.What I did, I began working so anyone can hear to Allie. I do that occasionally when I get very depressed.(pg. 104) This purchased of psychosis exhibits Holdens absence of conclusion on his more youthful siblings passing. Holden most likely here and there censures himself for his siblings demise due too not continually permitting him to play with him. Holden sees his late sibling Allie as better then people around him today.(pg. 171) Until Holden comes to get a handle on with his siblings demise he will be not able to manage the downturn and dread of developing up.After playing out an analysis on Holdens case, one is constrained to feel a since of sadness for his future. I think I am, however how would you know what your going to do work you do it? The appropriate response is you dont. I think I am, however how would I know? I swear its a dumb inquiry. (pg. 213) This announcement demonstrates Holdens inert conduct to psychotherapy. It is because of this absence of positive advancement that one becomes constrained to prescribe a cushioned cell to guarantee Holden can't hurt himself or any other person with his silly jibber jabber. Should this type of treatment fall flat Holden, one would unequivocally propose for stun treatment until he can't speak with another living sole. .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897 , .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897 .postImageUrl , .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897 .focused content zone { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897 , .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897:hover , .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897:visited , .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897:active { border:0!important; } .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; progress: obscurity 250ms; webkit-progress: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897:active , .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897:hover { murkiness: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897 .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: rela tive; } .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-design: underline; } .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe range: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-enrichment: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: How to Reduce Sexual Harassment EssayWorks CitedSalinger, J.D. The Catcher in the Rye, Little Brown and Company. Boston, 1951

John Alden Jr. and the Salem Witch Trials

John Alden Jr. also, the Salem Witch Trials John Alden Jr. (1626 or 1627 - March 25, 1702) was a fighter and mariner blamed for black magic on a visit to the town of Salem and detained in the 1692 Salem witch preliminaries; he got away from prison and was later excused. John Alden Jr.s Parents and Wife Father: John Alden Sr., a team part on the Mayflower when it cruised to Plymouth Colony; he chose to remain in the new world. He lived until around 1680. Mother: Priscilla Mullins Alden, whose family and sibling Joseph kicked the bucket during the principal winter in Plymouth; her solitary different family members, including a sibling and sister, had stayed in England. She lived until after 1650, and conceivably until the 1670s. John Alden and Priscilla Mullins were hitched in 1621, presumably the second or third couple among the pioneers to wed in Plymouth. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow in 1858 composed The Courtship of Miles Standish, in light of a family custom about the couple’s relationship. Late proof proposes that the story might be founded on reality. Priscilla and John Alden had ten kids who lived past early stages. One of the two oldest was John Jr.; he and the other two oldest kids were conceived in Plymouth. The others were brought into the world after the family moved to Duxbury, Massachusetts. John Alden Jr. hitched Elizabeth Phillips Everill in 1660. They had fourteen youngsters together. John Alden Jr. Before the Salem Witch Trials John Alden had been an ocean chief and a Boston shipper before he got associated with the occasions in Salem in 1692. In Boston, he was a contract individual from the Old South Meeting House. During King William’s War (1689 †1697), John Alden held a military order, while he additionally kept up his professional interactions in Boston. John Alden Jr. furthermore, the Salem Witch Trials In February 1692, at about the time that the main young ladies were showing their side effects of pain in Salem, John Alden Jr. was in Quebec, emancipating British detainees held there after their catch in the strike on York, Maine, in January. In that assault, a gathering of Abenaki, drove by Madockawando and a French cleric, assaulted the town of York. (York is currently in Maine and was at the time some portion of the Province of Massachusetts.) The attack killed around 100 English pilgrims and another 80 were kidnapped, compelled to walk to New France. Alden was in Quebec to pay the payoff for the opportunity of the British warriors caught in that attack. Alden halted in Salem on his arrival to Boston. There had just been bits of gossip that he was, through his business, providing the French and Abenaki side of the war. There had likewise obviously been bits of gossip about Alden having illicit relationships with Indian ladies, and in any event, having youngsters by them. On May 19, gossip came to Boston through certain escapees from the Indians that a French chief had been searching for Captain Alden, saying Alden owed him a few merchandise that he had vowed to him. This may have been the trigger for the allegations that followed only days after the fact. (Leniency Lewis, one of the informers, had lost her folks in Indian assaults.) On May 28, a conventional allegation of black magic â€Å"cruelly tormenting and harassing a few of their Children and others†-against John Alden was documented. On May 31, he was brought from Boston and analyzed in court by Judges Gedney, Corwin and Hathorne. The court chose to put Alden, and a lady named Sarah Rice, into Boston prison, and educated the attendant of the jail in Boston to hold him. He was conveyed there, yet following fifteen weeks, he made a break from the prison and went to New York to remain with defenders. In December 1692, a court requested that he show up in Boston to answer charges. In April 1693, John Hathorne and Jonathan Curwin were advised that Alden had been come back to Boston to reply at the Boston Superior Court. Yet, nobody showed up against him, and he was cleared by declaration. Alden distributed his own record of his association in the preliminaries (see passages above). John Alden kicked the bucket on March 25, 1702, in Massachusetts Bay region. John Alden Jr. in Salem, 2014 arrangement John Alden’s appearance during the Salem witch preliminaries has been profoundly fictionalized in a 2014 arrangement about the occasions in Salem. He plays a man a lot more youthful than the verifiable John Alden was, and he is impractically connected in the anecdotal record to Mary Sibley, however this has no premise in the authentic record, with hints this was his â€Å"first love.† (The chronicled John Alden had been hitched for a long time and had fourteen kids.)

Blog Archive MBA News New York Times Plays with Business School Stereotypes

Blog Archive MBA News New York Times Plays with Business School Stereotypes Stereotypes can be difficult to shake off, and some business schools know this only too well. Last  week, the New York Times offered its take on which MBA program is best suited for candidates desiring certain outcomes with respect to their career, such as working in private equity or starting one’s own business. For example, among the tips offered was to head to the Kellogg School of Management to snatch a job at McKinsey Company, or to Duke University’s Fuqua School of Business to land a position with Apple. The NYT is admittedly perplexed as to the best way for candidates to choose an appropriate program and notes that the schools are of little help. “Their slick brochures try to be everything to everybody,” the article states, “and in the process they obscure rather than illuminate.” Of course, all top-ranked business schools are diverse institutions with plenty of opportunities to offer. While falling back on stereotypes can seem to help simplify what is unquestionably an important decision, dismissing any institute based on preconceived ideas alone can be detrimental to finding the right program for one’s individual needs. Given that earning an MBA involves a sizable investment of both finances and time, staying true to one’s preferences and desires, rather than turning to stereotypes, will likely provide the most fruitful results. Go beyond the stereotypes by downloading our Insiders Guides on the top U.S. business schools. Share ThisTweet News

Multicultural Education Essay - 1031 Words

Multicultural education refers to applying various aspects of different learning styles and techniques to reach children of different racial, cultural and linguistic backgrounds. Because the extent of these variations is so diverse, educationists have begun to integrate material within the classroom to ensure each child is efficiently and equally benefitting scholastically. There are some Americans however, who disagree with multicultural education; these people think that multicultural education designs would strike down what it means to be an â€Å"American† country. Fortunately, for the sake of innocent children, this discriminative ideology is kept away from classrooms. In order to propel multicultural education in the classroom; I on†¦show more content†¦They could include anything they wanted about the person; anything they thought was important, relevant, and interesting. This would allow for all the students to express his or hers ethnic or cultural background s to be explained so that; if some students were puzzled or were biased about a different culture, they could see the real scope. The costume party would allow fun into the instruction and expose the students to people they have never heard of (the historical figures), but who have had great impact in the world (whether small or big). Students would not have to participate in dressing up if they did not want too. More than likely I would need to take a class vote to see if they even wanted too. I would also have to take into consideration of any poverty stricken students within the classroom and decide whether or not this activity would isolate them. Overall my curriculum would not be changed; for its substance would consist of informing students about people of different cultures and races who did great things. If I were to instruct twelfth grade History, I would use the Transformation Approach. In this subject I would teach about the immigration; only it would be taught through th e eyes of the emigrants. I would emphasize to students that before the Great Depression; the U.S. was perfectly fine with Mexican-Americans coming to U.S., and taking the long hour and low wage paying jobs. Once theShow MoreRelatedEssay on Multicultural Education1681 Words   |  7 PagesMulticultural Education History/Past Challenges: One of the major goals of the American school system is to provide all children with equal educational opportunity. However, with regard to minority students, meeting this particular objective has presented a real challenge to educators as they have been confronted with the task of reshaping education in the multilingual, multicultural society that characterizes the United States. Many significant events contributed to the needRead More Multicultural Education Essay753 Words   |  4 PagesMulticultural Education What is multicultural education, and how is it relevant to science instruction? Over the past decade, educators have ignored this question and instead, they have focused on ways and methods of incorporating multiculturalism in the humanities. In the most recent assessment of Virginias Science Standards of Learning, Virginia received a grade of D, almost failing, in part because of the absence of a multicultural approach towards instruction. In research and discussions withRead More The Multicultural Education Essay1320 Words   |  6 PagesThe Multicultural Education John Searle addresses the â€Å"major debate†¦ going on at present concerning†¦ a crisis in the teaching of the humanities.† [Searle, 106] He goes on to defend the canon of works by dead white males that has traditionally made up the curriculum of liberal arts education. I disagree with many of his arguments, and believe that multiculturalism should be taught in the university, but this is just the tip of the iceberg. Openmindedness will take much more than just minimal changesRead MoreMulticultural Education Essay2255 Words   |  10 PagesThe global perspective of multicultural education is that minorities no longer needed to give up their culture, but also become exposed to the dominant culture in society. It is important to recognize that American society is an on-going melting pot of cultures and it is essential that this is reflected in the educational system as well. The move towards recognizing the need for cultural diversity in learning was not only a pro blem in the U.S, but in many other countries as well. In 1961, the OrganisationRead More Multicultural Education Essay2363 Words   |  10 PagesMulticultural Education The inclusion of multiculturalism into schools has become an increasingly hot topic as of late. Being a future teacher I have taken a natural interest in the topic as well. It seems that most of the push to incorporate the multicultural issue into the school system has been a reaction to the thought that the American â€Å"melting-pot† metaphor is on the decline. Knowing that the demographics of the United States is changing continuously, the main issue about the inclusionRead MoreThe History of Multicultural Education Essay1333 Words   |  6 Pagesespecially with the emergence of the Civil Rights Movement. Although the term â€Å"multicultural education† had not come into play yet, the idea that the U.S needed to reexamine their efforts of educating diverse groups was emerging. During this time inequality especially among minority groups in comparison to the white dominant culture became a social issue (Banks 1999). Before the arrival of this reform multicul tural education was displayed in the classroom as having minorities adapt to the predominantRead MoreImplementing Multicultural Education Essay1113 Words   |  5 Pagesis any form of change in education that is discussed, there are always those who disagree with that change. These critics deem that they are problems that exist with the concept of multicultural education. One argument against multicultural education is the fear that the lack of a clear definition will essentially confuse teachers which will affect the classroom. Professor Ryan, a professor of education at Lasalle University states that â€Å"the term multicultural education is a slogan. It means differentRead MoreThe History of Multicultural Education Essay863 Words   |  4 PagesSummary Multicultural Education in the United States made its debut beginning with the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s. Its intent was to become part of the cultural mainstream. The Civil Rights Movement brought to light the apparent concerns of discrimination, intimidation and inequality. During this period, pressure was placed on the Federal Government to examine their roles in the perseverance of inequalities when it came to Multicultural Education (Russell, Robert, The History of MulticulturalRead MoreEssay on Multicultural Education in America3097 Words   |  13 PagesMulticultural Education in America America has long been called The Melting Pot due to the fact that it is made up of a varied mix of races, cultures, and ethnicities. As more and more immigrants come to America searching for a better life, the population naturally becomes more diverse. This has, in turn, spun a great debate over multiculturalism. Some of the issues under fire are who is benefiting from the education, and how to present the material in a way so asRead MoreEssay on Diversity and Multicultural Education in the Classroom1561 Words   |  7 Pagescultures to change perspectives on motivation and competition, learning styles, and attitudes and values that their homes and families have instilled in them (Manning Baruth, 2009). The concepts included in providing a more diverse, multicultural education are requiring teachers to review their own issues and prejudices while expanding their knowledge of the many cultures that make up the classroom. These efforts help the educator recognize the various individual and cultural differences of

The French Revolution During The 19th Century Essay

During the beginning of history there have been major political, economic, cultural and social revolutions. The people wanted change and brought about revolt against their government. The revolution instigated the act of liberty and equality for all people and generated fair living standards and/or social classes and treatment. This prompted expansions of political forces including but not limited to the democracy and nationalism. Questioning the authority of kings, priests and nobles it provided new principles and gave significance to the current political and social ideas of citizens. Many factors led to the cause of the French Revolution which considerably changed France’s economy and political status. Both Social and political conflicts, financial difficulties and the influence of the American Revolution during the 17th century all played a part it what trigged the French Revolution during the eighteenth century. The eighteenth century France was a nation that was ruled by an absolute monarchy who had greater power that peasants and just below the aristocracy. King Louis XIV of France was not willing to trade his position that he had held for seventeen years. This was a perfect environment for his absolute government and if he had adequately managed France’s finances it may have lasted longer than it did. Many taxes were implemented and spent on items such as roads and wars that the bourgeois gained control. Disbanding of the Estates resulted in the creation of theShow MoreRelatedThe Social Conditions Of The 19th Century Essay1320 Words   |  6 PagesImagine living in the 19th century while the world is experiencing major social and economic changes following the French and Industrial Revolutions. These world changing events are mostly causing plagues for the working class. These 19th century conditions cause the people to revolt against the social reforms of the existing world and r eveal the need for a new social structure. The newly emerging Industrial revolution results in a shift within economic classes, which are the bourgeoisie and proletariatRead MoreThe Movie Les Miserables ( 2012, United Kingdom )1110 Words   |  5 PagesUnited Kingdom). The film is an epic romantic musical directed by Tom Hooper. As a film, Les Misà ©rables is based on a musical by Claude-Michel Schonberg and Alain Boublil that goes by the same name (Les Misà ©rables) and is also based upon Victor Hugo’s French novel - Les Misà ©rables, 1862 (Shoard n.p). This analysis looks at various elements of the movie ranging from the themes used in the film, its genre, artistic movement, the director’s style and the film’s representation on its country’s culture. TheRead MoreThe Causes And Effects Of Europe945 Words   |  4 Pageshistory will reveal a constant theme of revolutions and counterrevolutions across space and time that have shaped the very foundations of societies across the expanse of the continent. Furthermore, these revolutions occurred in many different spheres of daily life. For instance, some revolutions featured prolonged periods of violent political upheaval while others featured a more subtle revolution, changing the very social fabric of Europe. In addition, some revolutions centered on economic change whileRead MoreHow Was Political Grandeur And Dignity Articulated Through Early 19th Century Architecture?1286 Words   |  6 Pagespolitical grandeur and dignity articulated through early 19th century civic architecture in Paris? Use specific examples. In the wake of the French revolution and King Louis XVI of France’s execution in 1773, 19th century France was a time of immense political, economic and social uncertainty as new political parties competed for power and attempted to reform Frances governing systems. The civil architecture and forms that were built during this period reflect these upheavals, as commissioned architectsRead More Role of Women During and After the Age of Revolutions Essay1727 Words   |  7 Pages There have been many stereotypical views and misconceptions about the role of women during and after the age of revolutions. Although the role of women did change, it is important to understand their position before the revolutions in order to wager how their role changed and of course, to what extent. It would be unrealistic to assume that all women during this period fell into one category. There are many factors to consider and so it is vital to address how different types of women behavedRead MoreThe French Revolution and the Industrial Revolution Essay1300 Words   |  6 Pages18th and 19th century is marked by the greatest transformations, reformations, revolutions and many other critical events that ever took place in human history. The credit is given to all these revolutions for enlightenment of mankind. The two most important revolutions were the French revolution and the industrial revolution. One can feel that both of these revolutions mutually reinforced each other and later became the back bone of all other revolutions. On the other hand, both revolutions had totallyRead MoreImpact Of The French Revolution On The 19th Century Europe1467 Words   |  6 PagesThe period 1815-1914 in Europe was important, as it was the time of the growth of constitutional government, however events from the French Revolution had a significant impact on the 19th century Europe. French revolutions has began when in 1774 Louise XVI had to deal with a financial crisis cause by sev en year s war . Louise XVI had agreed to summon Estate-General , which represented the clergy, nobles and the Third Estate(the commoners). Inspired by the issues with the voting system of theRead MoreWomen s Struggle For Equal Rights860 Words   |  4 Pageshouse wife, she was only seen competent enough in society to raise and educate kids and take care of her household. In both countries, the revolution increased the population’s attention to political matters and made liberty and equality very important to the people. Unfortunately, Women did not claim any rights during this time, but the women of the French Revolution and the activities they were implicated in heavily influenced the movement and struggle for equal rights. Their March on Versailles, theirRead MoreEssay on Western Civilization1179 Words   |  5 Pagessecularism. I will discuss these concepts within the countries of England, France, and Russia, and show my point of view on each. Religion was very dominant throughout the early history in England, especially during the 16th and 17th centuries. This started to change during the late 17th century, when people started focusing more on human reason rather than religion. One of the reasons that people started losing their faith in the church is because of how the bishops were picked, and how the churchRead MoreUnfair Treatment of the Native Americans1498 Words   |  6 PagesUnfair treatment of the Native Americans- the Cherokee Nation Throughout the 19th century Native Americans were treated far less then respectful by the United States’ government. This was the time when the United States wanted to expand and grow rapidly as a land, and to achieve this goal, the Native Americans were â€Å"pushed† westward. It was a memorable and tricky time in the Natives’ history. The US government made many treatments with the Native Americans, making big changes on the Indian nation

My Favorite Theory, Anger And Happiness, By Paul Ekman And...

1. Physiological Specificity. This theory suggests that with each emotion we have, there is a physiological response that is either the cause or caused by our emotions (page 121). In accordance with this theory, anger and happiness are distinguishable by the different physiological components active during these emotions. It also suggests that by changing our physiology slightly we can also help to alter how we feel our emotions. This was my favorite theory that we learned about over the course because it is something that I will be able to use to help me in the future. As an aspiring pediatrician, I am going to have to go through medical school and I have a tendency to overwhelm myself. By knowing that our emotions and our physiology are linked, I know that I can help to calm myself down before an exam by smiling, or trying to lower by heart rate through meditation. Paul Ekman and Wallace Friesen found that when participants were employed in a directed facial action task, their bodies showed differing responses (page 121). For instance, when arranged to have an angry expression, heart rate and finger temperature were very high. This was different then the response to fear because even though it also had a high heart rate, the finger temper was very low (class 9/28/2015). This was also shown in studies done on the blush, by an observed increase in the blood flow to the cheeks and ears (class 9/30/2015). This along with studies on posture, push/ pull, and penShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesDiversity Management Strategies 56 Attracting, Selecting, Developing, and Retaining Diverse Employees 56 †¢ Diversity in Groups 58 †¢ Effective Diversity Programs 58 Summary and Implications for Managers 60 S A L Self-Assessment Library What’s My Attitude Toward Older People? 40 Myth or Science? â€Å"Dual-Career Couples Divorce Less† 47 An Ethical Choice Religious Tattoos 51 glOBalization! Images of Diversity from Around the Globe 54 Point/Counterpoint Men Have More Mathematical Ability Than Women

History of Slavery Essay Example For Students

History of Slavery Essay History Slavery original language:English The issue of slavery has been touched upon often in the course of history. The institution of slavery was addressed by French intellectuals during the Enlightenment. Later, during the French Revolution, the National Assembly issued the Declaration of the Rights of Man, which declared the equality of all men. Issues were raised concerning the application of this statement to the French colonies in the West Indies, which used slaves to work the land. As they had different interests in mind, the philosophes, slave owners, and political leaders took opposing views on the interpretation of universal equality. Many of the philosophes, the leaders of the Enlightenment, were against slavery. They held that all people had a natural dignity that should be recognized. Voltaire, an 18th century philosophe, pointed out that hundreds of thousands of slaves were sacrificing their lives just so the Europeans could quell their new taste for sugar, tea and cocoa. A similar view was taken by Rousseau, who stated that he could not bear to watch his fellow human beings be changed to beasts for the service of others. Religion entered into the equation when Diderot, author of the Encyclopedia, brought up the fact that the Christian religion was fundamentally opposed to Black slavery but employed it anyway in order to work the plantations that financed their countries. All in all, those influenced by the ideals of the Enlightenment, equality, liberty, the right to dignity, tended to oppose the idea of slavery. Differing from the philosophes, the political leaders and property owners tended to see slavery as an element that supported the economy. These people believed that if slavery and the slave trade were to be abolished, the French would lose their colonies, commerce would collapse and as a result the merchant marine, agriculture and the arts would decline. Their worries were somewhat merited; by 1792 French ships were delivering up to 38,000 slaves and this trade brought in 200 million livres a year. These people had economic incentives to support slavery, however others were simply ignorant. One man, Raynal, said that white people were incapable of working in the hot sun and blacks were much better suited to toil and labor in the intense heat. Having a similar view to Raynal, one property owner stated that tearing the blacks from the only homes they knew was actually humane. Though they had to work without pay, this man said slave traders were doing the blacks a favor by placing them in the French colonies where they could live without fear for tomorrow. All of these people felt that the Declaration of the Rights of Man did not pertain to black people or their descendants. All people were not ignorant, however. There was even a group of people who held surprisingly modern views on slavery; views some people havent even accepted today. In his Reflections on Black People, Olympe de Gouges wondered why blacks were enslaved. He said that the color of peoples skin suggests only a slight difference. The beauty of nature lies in the fact that all is varied. Another man, Jacques Necker, told people that one day they would realize the error of their ways and notice that all people have the same capacity to think and suffer. The slavery issue was a topic of debate among the people of France. The views of the people, based on enlightenment, the welfare of the country or plain ignorance were tossed around for several more years until the issue was finally resolved. In the end the philosophes, with their liberated ideas, won out and slavery was abolished.

Amelie film review essays

Amelie film review essays My first response when learning that I had to see the film Amelie was Oh no... however, after viewing the film I found that the film had a very large moral significance. I believe that one of the themes central to this film is the age old Carpe Diem or seize the day. Amelie first comes to this realization after dutifully completing philanthropic acts by returning Dominiques box of his only childhood memories or writing to the woman whose husband left her after the war. The moral significance comes into play in the question whether or not she should do these deeds even though I believe she was doing them for the right reasons. Amelies life was a lonely life. She experienced many trials and tribulations during her life and she rarely had any support through her childhood. She practically raised herself into believing that she received pleasure from all the small things in life such as skipping stones on that canal. I believe that the director wanted to show that one must incorporate the larger things in life to be happy such as love. I believe that a very moving scene was the final video tape that the glass man sent her to watch. This is what finally convinces Amelie to risk it all to be with the man she loves. The glass man is very wise and experienced in his years and I believe that he represented the moral figure in this play. He was the one who constantly tried to analyze the works of Renoir, to try to capture the essences of the people portrayed in them. As the character in that work of Renoir is a mystery to him, Amelie is also an enigma to him. In the final scenes of the movie, he finally can give her the moral advice to seize the day. ...

Brave New Worlds Bernard essays

Brave New World's Bernard essays In Brave New World, Aldous Huxley uses Bernard Marxs character to demonstrate that even in a society where people are manufactured by the hundreds, human instincts still hold true, and they cannot be denied. Huxley explores Bernards human desire to undermine the society that ultimately refuses to accept him. This exploration begins immediately with Bernards first appearance. Just as the Director finishes his explanation of how efficiently the World State successfully eliminated lovesickness and everything that goes along with frustrated desire, Bernard gives the reader the first glimpse into a characters private thoughts. That character is one that is lovesick, jealous, and fiercely angry at his sexual rivals. Under his breath, Bernard expresses his fierce loathing of Henry Foster and Benito Hoover. He calls them idiots, swine (55). On the surface level, a reader would come to believe that Bernards discontent stems from a systematic or philosophical dislike for his society. Although this argument contains elements of truth, Bernard's discontent more accurately stems from his frustrated desire to fit into his own society. As human beings, we want what we cannot have, and when w e realize that we cannot have it, we try to devalue it by criticizing it. It is Bernards inferiority complex that inhibits him from fulfilling his desires. He is his own worst enemy in his struggle to gain acceptance because he consciously alienates himself from his peers. He spends his time alone, wallowing over his inadequacies. One of which is his physical stature. Bernard is an Alpha-Plus, yet he holds the physical prowess of a Gamma. He, therefore, severely resents the normal people in his society. As a result of human instinct, Bernard becomes rather fond of solitude, and he spends his time thinking and pondering alone. This alienates him even further from his society because he does...

Ownership in creationg Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ownership in creationg - Essay Example Bringing the dream of the dreamer into he mind of the listener requires scores of unsung people that have all made a contribution to our favorite songs. In the medium of modern technology and the minds of the audience, the ownership of the creation belongs to all of us in some small way, but the profits belong to a record company. The public mistakenly believes that he latest hit song by a popular artist found its genesis in the mind of the artist, took form, and became an original work of art. In fact, the song had its beginnings years before as the songwriter was influenced by the music of the world around them. The artist will take the familiar sounds, forms, chord progressions, and melodies that they know and add their own dimension to come up with a new piece of music. Igor Stravinsky once commented that "A good composer does not imitate; he steals". From this standpoint, all music is a collaboration between the artist and the past, and no one has a title to its ownership. Once the artist has created the music, it becomes subjected to the process of reproduction and distribution. The artist will have an agent that will handle the business arrangements, contracts, and obligations as they work towards the goal of getting signed to a record label. The record company, known as the 'label', will get the song recorded, reviewed, promoted, and distributed for sale. By way of a contract, the record label and producer literally owns the artist and the music. While music is easily shared with everyone via reproduction and radio broadcasts, the label owns the artist, the music, and the profits. Getting a song from the artist to the public requires that it gets recorded in a studio and reproduced onto a compact disc (CD). The artist will go into a recording studio where the song is brought to life. Often, the artist writes the song on an acoustic guitar or piano, and without the full instrumentation that will later be heard by the public. These pieces are all added later in the studio. The recording of a hit song in a studio involves scores of singers, arrangers, and musicians that are often hired to work on a specific piece of music at an hourly rate of pay. Known as 'studio musicians', they are heard on hundreds of recordings, yet get little or no notoriety or fame for their performance. Recently, the union pay scale for a studio musician was $181 for a three-hour session (Baker). They also get no royalties or income from the future sale of the CD. The studio musicians own a part of the record, and it is a part of their soul, but they do not own the profits that it generat es. Engineering a song entails far more than simply placing a microphone in front of the singer and hitting the record button. Modern technology allows the recording engineer to record each individual part separately and mix it together at a later date. Known as 'tracks', the engineer may have hundreds of individual tracks that make up a song. Occasionally, the parts of a song may be recorded at different locations at different times. The legendary album All the Roadrunning by Emmy Lou Harris and Mark Knopfler was assembled a piece at a time with the help of engineer-mixer Chuck Ainlay, as well as guitarist Richard Bennett and Dire Straits keyboardist Guy Fletcher (Hill).

Addition to prescription drugs among elderly Annotated Bibliography

Addition to prescription drugs among elderly - Annotated Bibliography Example Administration on Aging. Retrieved from http://www.aoa.gov/AoARoot/AoA_Programs/HPW/Behavioral/docs2/Issue%20Brief%205%20Prescription%20Med%20Misuse%20Abuse.pdf The Administration on Aging (AOA) (2012) described the problem of prescription medication misuse and abuse among older adults, which is already a public health problem. Misuse and abuse of prescription drugs refer to non-medical use of prescription drugs. The brief argued that the elderly is prone to misuse and abuse of drugs that can have negative interaction effects. If some of the elderly are already abusing and misusing prescription drugs, the risks of abusing other drugs may be present and result to greater health problems. Costello, R.B., Leser, M., & Coates, P.M. (2009). Dietary supplements: Current knowledge and future frontiers. In C.W. Bales, & Ritchie C.S. (Eds.), Handbook of clinical nutrition and aging (2nd ed.) (pp.553-634). New York: Humana Press. Costello, Leser, and Coates (2009) noted that, though some kinds of herbal medicine have been found to be effective, its lack of regulation makes it hard to study how it works and what its toxicity levels are. They asserted that very few of current herbal medicines are tested for efficacy and toxicity levels. They explained that interaction risks between herbal supplements and prescription drugs of the elderly are high because the elderly tend to take in more medicine than younger adults. These researchers also talked about the dietary needs of the elderly that must be balanced with prescription drug effects. Djuv, A., Nilsen, O.G., & Steinsbekk, A. (2013). The co-use of conventional drugs and herbs among patients in Norwegian general practice: A cross-sectional study. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 13, 295. Retrieved from http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6882/13/295 Djuv, Nilsen, and Steinsbekk (2013) conducted a cross-sectional study to understand the co-use of

The role and effect of culture jamming

The role and effect of culture jamming Culture jamming can be defined as activities to resist consumerism, globalisation, and corporate advertising, which based idea of liberation, in order to affect and change advertising saturation society for better (Sandlin Milam, 2008; Barber, 2007). The development of mass medias technology, especially internet technology, supports different pathways for culture jammers to extend their opinions, such as Adbusters magazines, Anti-Pearlman Permanent Poster League on Facebook, and Reverend Billy and the Church of Stop Shopping (Sandlin Milam, 2008; Nomai, 2008). Culture jammers provide another way to understand the world and critical analyse the modern commercial culture. First of all, consumers could have chance consider the other side of advertisements via culture jamming movements. Products providers claim the best aspects of their products, sometimes consumers are encouraged to purchase the products which may harm for their healthy and not very environment friendly, such as alcohol, cigarettes, and some eco-cleaning products (Hickman, 2010). Therefore, culture jammers insert their ideas in existed advertisements to show the other side of truth. For example, as picture 1 shows, culture jammers try to warn people stop drinking and keep health with changing Absolut Vodka advertisement. Picture 1 Secondly, culture jammers against consumerism to protect human well being, based on the idea of liberation (Sandlin Milam, 2008). According to Rumbo (2002), in 1996, American people were exposed to 3600 advertisements per day, culture jammers believe these advertisements will change consumers daily life and beliefs (Behr, 2010). Kasser and kanner (2005) argued that advertisements encouraged people more materialistic because they want to compare with images of wealthy people. Results from this, culture jammers appeal anti-consumerism campaign to opposite advertisements and logo of brands (Rumbo, 2002). Picture 2 shows that culture jammers resist corporate advertising and screaming for more personal space. A video from Youtube showed similar argument of culture jammers (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gJTCWtcAewsfeature=player_embedded). Picture 2 (Picture from internet) Furthermore, as results of some mainstream commercial advertisements have negative moral effects on citizens, culture jammers try to persuade people to be better. Take an instance, advertisements of violence against women have influences on high rape criminal rate in US (Capella et al, 2010). Culture jammers reject these legal but effective advertisements, for example, there is a video on Youtube (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qp6gjxCRuxs) to appeal people. Another problem is advertisements contains violent criminal relate to peoples attitude because violence pictures can be captured and memorised easily (Scharrer, 2004; Soderlund Dahlen, 2010). Under this situation, culture jamming activities have positive affects. However, ethical consideration in culture jamming activities should be reviewed as well. For example, putting leaf posters on public facilities is hard to clean and make city dirty, as Picture 3 shows. At same time, culture jammers applied similar advertising method as other mainstream advertising, for instance, there is a video on Youtube for culture jamming Facebook (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gR5gEy3HkzE), and however, the facts which were stated were not persuasive but seem like in purpose. Picture 3 (The picture was taken on 24/02/2010, in Liverpool) To sum up, activities of culture jamming have positive effects on re-building commercial life and explore a different way to understand the hidden meaning of advertisements. On the other hand, the formations of culture jamming could be considered because of negative aspects. Leaf posters and illegally advertisements which posted by culture jammers would give bad impressions on these good activities. 2. Does our fascination with celebrity add value to our lives? Celebrity is a social phenomenon today. Celebrity could be described as people who are well known by others, much talked about, and notoriety (Pendfold-Mounce, 2009). According to Rojek (2001), celebrities can be classified by status, including ascribed (blood relationship), achieved (talented people and hard workers), and attributed (who are created instantly) celebrities. Modern mass media support the development of celebrity industry, numbers of celebrities are created and the amount of obsessions increased dramatically (Pendfold-Mounce, 2009; Cashmore, 2006). Particularly attributed celebrities are benefited from mass media, such as celetoids who become famous by public scandals, celeactors which are fictional roles originally (Rojek, 2001). The effects and values of celebrities in our life should be critical analysed, because this depends on personality of celebrities and the way of advertising by medias. Michael Jackson will be used as an example in this essay. Negative effects of celebrity, especially attributed celebrities, are concerned for decades, and it is still a problem of society which should be solved. This means there are harmful impacts if celebrities perform as bad example in their products or daily gossips. Penfold-Mounce (2009) embodied celebrities relate to criminal and ethical challenges today. Celebrities who have criminal records or moral considerations, for example, Michael Jackson was accused of sexual abuse in 1993, will have bad affect on attitudes of people, especially teenagers (Daily Mail, 2009). Additionally, celebrity culture also influences the career choice of students and their academic achievements. For instance, over 30% of pupils claimed want to become famous as who they adored (BBC News (a), 2008). Meanwhile, adults cannot avoid the effects of celebrities as well. Take an instance, some marketers try to infantilize adults via celebrity advertisements and other visual products (Barber, 2007; Boon Lomore, 2 006). Under this situation, celebrity is useless for add value on our lives but only make troubles. On the other hand, celebrities could impact people positively if they perform well and mass media advertise good aspects. Furedi (2010) stated that celebrities gossips may represent peoples daily lives and give them psychological comforts. At same time, celebrities promote healthy lifestyle and attitude to people. For example, Michael Jacksons Beat it is very exciting and encourage people to face difficulties. Because of the appeal of celebrities, they contribute a lot in charities and other aspects of society, such as Michael Jackson were awarded result from his contributions in Afrcia (BBC News (b), 2009). Indeed, celebrities procedure of achievements like Michael Jackson could encourage people fighting for dreams (Cashmore, 2006; Furedi, 2010). In addition, the creation and commodification of celebrities TV shows (e.g. X-Factors) encourage ordinary people to achieve their dreams. Especially the players in these shows could share their ideas to public and make it as recognitions (F uredi, 2010). Additionally, this may close the distance between celebrities and ordinary people (Cashmore, 2006). Picture 4 (Picture from internet) Overall, celebrities and celebrity culture have effects in our daily lives. It is hard to say which side is more, just like the case of Michael Jackson. However, the problems which are made by celebrities or celebrity culture could be solved if mass media and celebrity industry select more disciplined players. Meanwhile, journalists and media companies disclose more positive news but not only gossips, the celebrity culture is worth for our well being. 3. Marketers who target children are no better than paedophiles. All marketing to kids should be banned. Purchasing power of children is not only affect on children but also their families. Children market was worth $24 billion and encouraged another $500 billion in family consumption indirectly years ago (Moore, 2004). Therefore, marketers target to children and wish to make more profit. However, debates on ethical considerations about advertising to children via mass media are argued for a long time, because there are negative effects in these advertisements. At same time, result from some positive implications of marketing to children, advertising to kids could not be denied at all. Advertisement for children has negative effects on lifestyle and attitude of children, especially food habits and materialism. First of all, large proportion of TV advertisements targeted children is food and drinks, particularly sweets and convenience food which are less healthy (Gunter et al, 2005; McGinnis et al, 2006). Otherwise, some advertisements contain violence or contents are not suit for children (Truman, 2004). This implicates lifestyle of people for long and may influence on social problem today. For example, approximately 16% of children and adolescence in US have problem on obesity (McGinnis et al, 2006). Additionally, advertisements carry marketers bias which may affect attitudes of children. Indeed, children have less ability of judgement when they receive the information which is included in advertisements (Hofferth, 2010; Pettersson Fjellstrom, 2006). Under this situation, children may fall in materialism and consumerism (Barber, 2007). Take an instance, advertisements for Christmas may encourage children to ask more gifts from parents (Gunter et al, 2005). In addition, children would like to ask for payments if their parents want help from them (BBC News(c), 2011). Due to the negative effects of advertising to children, some countries limit this kind of commercial activities, such as Australia has time limitation for childrens advertisements, Sweden bans all advertisements which aimed at children below 12 years old, and UK has detailed regulations for advertisements as well (Gunter et al, 2005). Control the contents of advertisements for children via National law are important, because media companies do not want to take risks to post unethical advertisements. Beyond national codes, education of acknowledging advertisements from parents and school are as equal important in this field. Result from children become more important in family consumption life, consumer education for children is essential for avoiding deceives from marketers (Pettersson Fjellstrom, 2006). Children may not know the meaning of advertisements, therefore, how they understand the advertisements are rely on explanations of their parents (Gunter et al, 2005). Another path for pupils understanding advertisements is school education (Gunter et al, 2005). For instance, it is legal to advertising to children in schools in England (Clark, 2004), and this is chance for teaching students how to judge advertisements. On the other hand, advertising to children appropriately may have positive influences. Similarly as mentioned above, advertisements could be inserted the information which is good for children, such as help children to recognise and memorise some culture issues, for example, the meaning of Christmas festival (Gunter et al, 2005). Meanwhile, advertisements are supposed to send healthy lifestyle and attitudes to children and that will have positive implications if there are enough detailed codes for the media companies (Hofferth, 2010). Some companies did advertisement which contains contents good for children, for example, PG Kids Winter Olympics commercial (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gGgwfjA0V14). Overall, commercial advertisements have negative influences on children because marketers want to sell more products. However, the power of advertisement should be admitted and use it for the better. National laws are effective on this subject and detailed codes will let companies create better advertisement good for commercial and children. 4. We would all be better off without supermarkets. In the UK, five biggest supermarket chains such as Tesco, Sainsbury, Asda take over 80% of grocery market share (NewStatesman, 2003). In the meantime, less and less corner shops can survive when supermarkets closed in. Approximate 100,000 corner shops were closed since 1940s (NewStatesman, 2003). Supermarkets look like double-edged sword, provide conveniences to consumers but also damage society, particularly they change the concept and behaviour of shopping. Indeed, supermarket is the future because it can use sources more effectively. Supermarket chains have advantages to compete with small independent shops and provide convenience to customers. First of all, supermarket is more effective and provides one-stop service for customers. For example, people can find everything they need in one big supermarket (Taylor, 2011). Secondly, cheaper and quality products are provided by supermarket chains, especially supermarket named products (Simms, 2007). Moreover, supermarkets can create employee occupations for local people. Tesco claimed 140 jobs are created in each new store (Monbiot, 2009). However, comparing with benefits which are brought by supermarkets, more damages are created to consumers and society at same time. Firstly, damages will be discussed from stand point of consumers. Shoppers are dissatisfied with supermarkets. According to Simms (2007), around 50% of people feel unhappy when they are shopping in Tesco because of bored, stress and other unpleasant reasons. In addition, the price of products is not as cheap as supermarkets claimed. For instance, bread, eggs, and milk are more expensive than local independent shops (Taylor, 2011). Food price is higher than rate of inflation recently and supermarket is considered as a sector which push price going up (Wearden, 2011). Meanwhile, it is trap to shopping in supermarkets because people try to full fill their trolleys, which means spend more money (Taylor, 2011). On the other hand, less variety of food can be found in supermarkets (Eastbourne Herald, 2011) Supermarket chains dominate market which has negative effects on interests of suppliers, communities and local authorities as well. Supermarkets squeeze suppliers because they have market and suppliers have to dependent on them, particularly farmers (Arnold, 2004; Gray, 2003; Timpson, 2011). Figure 1 shows the supermarkets and mid-chains grind farmers. Indeed, it is untrue that a new supermarket store could provide 140 jobs but at least over 270 unemployed will happen (Monbiot, 2009). Some people who loss jobs were corner shop owners, and they created 5 times job opportunities than supermarkets originally (Monbiot, 2009; Simms, 2007). Due to corner shop owners are almost local people, the shop could be the connection for community, and residents have chance to have conversation usually (Simms, 2007; NewStatesman, 2003). Figure 1 (Arnold, 2004) Simms argued that big supermarket chains like Tesco may kidnap local authorities to ask what they want (2007). Over 90% of the population choose to go to supermarkets as first option when they want to shopping (Arnold, 2004). This means supermarkets have been vital role in our daily life and government should follow them. Another advantage of supermarket chains is they can keep on appealing local authorities base on their tremendous financial power, for example, the turnover of Tesco in 2008 is 47 billion (Simms, 2007). Supermarket chains provide conveniences to people before they become profit earning machine. People can enjoy shopping and have chance to get cheaper but good quality products. However, supermarkets tie up the whole society and transform the traditional shopping habit of all consumers, even authorities cannot beat them. Supermarket is good for using resources more effectively, but appropriate control is necessary. 5. Is that acceptable to buy fake brands? Counterfeiting of named brands is an international commercial problem today. Piracy is illegal and unethical, however, people still buying. There are two types of consumers perspective on counterfeits purchasing behaviourdeceptive and non-deceptive (Wilcox et al, 2009; Nia Zaichkowsky, 2000). Deceptive counterfeiting damages consumers benefits because it exists among genuine products and hard to be distinguished. Non-deceptive counterfeiting is fully recognised by consumers but they wish to purchase (Wilcox et al, 2009). No matter what kind of reason, it is not acceptable to buy counterfeit brands. Some people argued that counterfeits helped genuine brands promoting to customers. Counterfeits may increase awareness of named brands and bring additional orders for genuine manufactories (Staake et al, 2009). McCartney stated that people buy counterfeits when they young and ignorant, but genuine products are their pursuit when they become elder (2005). Indeed, customers may think counterfeits are inferior and cannot be compared with original products on quality. Therefore, fake products cannot devalue the genuine brands, manufactories and marketers concentrate on creating strong positive images and good quality products will bring success (Nia Zaichkowsky, 2000). The counterfeits may have positive effects as stated above, but this is not the reason to buy fake products. Meanwhile, it is impossible to ban all counterfeits because of high profit and consumers desire of luxury brand which encourage counterfeiters to take risks (Wilcox et al, 2009). Counterfeiters can obtain high profit because there is no expensive design and advertising cost, and raw material cost is low because of quality (Juggessur Cohen, 2009). Consumers will to buy fake named fashion products because of psychological reason. Counterfeits such as clothes, bags and shoes seem harmless and cheaper, especially some counterfeiters could provide the products which similar as genuine, this may be why people could accept fake products (Cathcart, 2007). However, fake brand products disrupt normal commercial life and bring social problems. Companies like Burberry claimed loss every year because of counterfeits, for example, US counterfeit market was worth $155 million in 2006 (Hilton et al, 2004). Furthermore, counterfeiters are also invading in low-end markets and bring negative effects. Take an instance, Kiwi label in Africa lose 20% sales overall because of counterfeit products, as a result, some plants have to be closed and people lose their jobs (Businessweek, 2008). Purchasing fake products would decrease the income of named companies and increase unemployment rate, this is bad for development of economy and security of society. Therefore, stop buying counterfeits and learning knowledge about anti-counterfeit is necessary. Moreover, purchasing fake products is not respect on creation. Branded companies invest huge capital to develop new products for consumers. This is the cost which should be collected back on selling. However, it is not sustainable development if people do not buy genuine products but counterfeits (Staake et al, 2009). For example, Microsoft lost $2 billion in China in 2007 because of counterfeiting (Microsoft, 2007). It is a disaster if China is main market of Microsoft because that means the company cannot obtain money back on time to develop new product. To sum up, fake brands might have some positive effects which are proved. However, negative influences are main part of discussion. People buy counterfeits will bring legal and moral considerations, and affect on normal business life. Indeed, unemployment and slower creating may attribute to this behaviour.

Impact of Chinese Heritage on Maxine Hong Kingstons The Woman Warrior

Impact of Chinese Heritage on Maxine Hong Kingston's The Woman Warrior "Haunted by the power of images? I do feel that I go into madness and chaos. There's a journey of everything falling apart, even the meaning and the order that I can put on something by the writing." —Maxine Hong Kingston It is true that some dream in color, and some dream in black and white. Some dream in Sonic sounds, and some dream in silence. In Maxine Hong Kingston's literary works, the readers enter a soundless dream that is painted entirely in the color of black—different shades and blocks of pigments mixing and clashing with each other, opening up infinite possibilities for both beautiful if frightening nightmares and impossible dreams. An Asian-American writer growing up in a tight and traditional Chinese community in California, Kingston is placed by her background and time period to be at the unique nexus of an aged, stale social institution and a youthful, boisterous one. She has had to face life as an alien to the culture of the land she grew up in, as well as a last witness of some scattered and unspeakably tragic old ideals. She saw the sufferings and has suffered herself; but instead of living life demurely in the dark corner of the family room like she was expected to, Kingston became the first woman warrior to voice the plight of the mute females in both Chinese and American societies. The seemingly immeasurable and indeed unconquerable gap between the two fundamentally divided cultures comes together in herself and her largely autobiographical work The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts. One of the most striking features about Kingston's writings in The Woman Warrior is her use of poignant imageries—ghosts, sil... ..., the dreams, the need to escape from social reality—they were what her heart saw growing up in that little forsaken old Chinese village in California, and they alone hold any deep significance to her and her writings. With a blazing desire to free the oppressed female voices, Kingston started with her own. Thus born The Woman Warrior, a chronicle of a Chinese American woman's personal sufferings and triumphs, of duplicities and truths, and of struggles and breakaways; a requiem for all the victims of the old culture whose soundless cries have not been heard and who died without a name, engulfed by the darkness and the silence. In her world then, at least, the failed heroine Fa Mu Lan is redeemed. Works Cited Kingston, Maxine Hong. The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts. New York: Random House, 1975. Vintage International Edition, April 1989. Impact of Chinese Heritage on Maxine Hong Kingston's The Woman Warrior Impact of Chinese Heritage on Maxine Hong Kingston's The Woman Warrior "Haunted by the power of images? I do feel that I go into madness and chaos. There's a journey of everything falling apart, even the meaning and the order that I can put on something by the writing." —Maxine Hong Kingston It is true that some dream in color, and some dream in black and white. Some dream in Sonic sounds, and some dream in silence. In Maxine Hong Kingston's literary works, the readers enter a soundless dream that is painted entirely in the color of black—different shades and blocks of pigments mixing and clashing with each other, opening up infinite possibilities for both beautiful if frightening nightmares and impossible dreams. An Asian-American writer growing up in a tight and traditional Chinese community in California, Kingston is placed by her background and time period to be at the unique nexus of an aged, stale social institution and a youthful, boisterous one. She has had to face life as an alien to the culture of the land she grew up in, as well as a last witness of some scattered and unspeakably tragic old ideals. She saw the sufferings and has suffered herself; but instead of living life demurely in the dark corner of the family room like she was expected to, Kingston became the first woman warrior to voice the plight of the mute females in both Chinese and American societies. The seemingly immeasurable and indeed unconquerable gap between the two fundamentally divided cultures comes together in herself and her largely autobiographical work The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts. One of the most striking features about Kingston's writings in The Woman Warrior is her use of poignant imageries—ghosts, sil... ..., the dreams, the need to escape from social reality—they were what her heart saw growing up in that little forsaken old Chinese village in California, and they alone hold any deep significance to her and her writings. With a blazing desire to free the oppressed female voices, Kingston started with her own. Thus born The Woman Warrior, a chronicle of a Chinese American woman's personal sufferings and triumphs, of duplicities and truths, and of struggles and breakaways; a requiem for all the victims of the old culture whose soundless cries have not been heard and who died without a name, engulfed by the darkness and the silence. In her world then, at least, the failed heroine Fa Mu Lan is redeemed. Works Cited Kingston, Maxine Hong. The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts. New York: Random House, 1975. Vintage International Edition, April 1989.

Ethics, Fraud, and Internal Audit at Ut Southwestern

There are many taxpayer supported medical schools in this country, most receiving their fees for services through Medicare and Medicaid. The Department of Health and Human Services requires that medical students who have graduated to the resident status have a teaching physician physically present when performing key portions of patient service to be able to bill those services to Medicare. In fact, the patient chart must be legibly signed by the attending physician that they were present and supervising the specific service in order to bill Medicare (â€Å"Guidenlines for teaching,† 2011).According to an article in the Dallas News, a former employee by the name of Jack Mooney was hired in 1991 by the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center as a reimbursement manager to make sure that all medical billings submitted to Medicare and Medicaid were properly documented and billed (Dunklin & Moffeit, 2010). For example, that the teaching physicians were physically present wh en residents were performing services to meeting the required mandates for Medicare billing. He discovered that was not the case and took the information to his supervisors.Stricter policies were put into place for the departments to follow to make sure that all employees were following the necessary guidelines. In 1997, when Mr. Mooney was the director of UT Southwestern’s billing compliance office, he was still seeing and documenting the same problems. Mooney left the college in 1998 shortly after filing a federal whistle-blower lawsuit. The earliest documentation that can be found of UT Southwestern’s Internal Audit departments involvement comes in a 2003 when they approve of some of the college’s compliance policies, but noted that they do not have a policy in place to review reimbursement claim documents.Dallas News notes that six faculty meetings were held during 2007 and 2008 in which billing concerns were discussed. The Internal Audit Annual Reports for those years do not report any ongoing audits, but do report that they provide the billing compliance committee â€Å"independent consultation and guidance to help billing compliance activities address institution risks† (Rubel, 2008). In 2010 we finally see an internal audit performed of UT Southwestern’s billing compliance programs. The report stated that â€Å"the audit identified a significant finding in the Hospital Billing Compliance program†.As of 2010, the program had not yet implemented the 2005 Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Inspector General (OIG) Supplemental Compliance Program Guidance for Hospitals. Although this guidance is voluntary, it is highly recommended by the OIG to help hospitals in â€Å"preventing the submission of erroneous claims and in combating fraud and abuse in the Federal health care programs (â€Å"OIG supplemental compliance†). The guidance specifically states that â€Å"hospitals should have in p lace procedures regarding resident rotation and monitoring†.The audit report recommends that the compliance program implement the OIG guidance, consolidation of the billing compliance groups (there are currently four), development of a single risk assessment plan with a corresponding audit plan, a monitoring system for both the risk assessment audit plan and the billing compliance audit report. Also of note in the audit report are repeated failures by the same department to meet billing practices. It is noted that these â€Å"recurring systematic failures increase the risk of exposure to potential civil damages and penalties, criminal sanctions, and administrative remedies, such as program exclusion†.The audit recommends that the failures be addressed at the department level and to develop a formal training plan to improve billing compliance. According to the report, all significant findings are tracked by the University of Texas System Audit Office to make sure that al l agreed upon recommendations have been implemented. These reports are unavailable for review and there has been no further comment on the billing compliance audit in the 2011 Internal Audit Annual Report. This issue was first brought to light 20 years ago by someone that was hired to review billing compliance.We know that 7 years ago the internal audit department was aware of the issue, but as far as we can tell, no significant audit of the hospitals billing department, in relation to Medicare billing requirements, was completed until 2010. Was the hospital fraudulently obtaining money from the government? Not in so far as anyone has determined. Was the audit department aware of the issue? Yes, as far as we can tell. Did the internal auditors follow the IIA’s mandatory guidance? Yes in the completion of the audit in 2010 but it is my personal opinion, given the facts provided, that the audit should have been ompleted years earlier. ?References Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. (2011). Guidenlines for teaching physicians, interns, and residents. Retrieved from website: http://www. cms. gov/Outreach-and-Education/Medicare-Learning-Network-MLN/MLNProducts/downloads/gdelinesteachgresfctsht. pdf Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Inspector General. (n. d. ). OIG supplemental compliance program guidance for hospitals (Vol. 70, No. 19). Retrieved from website: http://oig. hhs. gov/fraud/docs/complianceguidance/012705HospSupplementalGuidance. df Dunklin, R. , & Moffeit, M. (2010, May 30). Feds probe alleged fraud at ut southwestern, parkland. Dallas News. Retrieved from http://www. dallasnews. com/news/community-news/dallas/headlines/20100530-feds-probe-alleged-fraud-at-ut-southwestern-parkland-. ece Rubel, R. (2008, November 03). Internal audit annual report fiscal year 2008. Retrieved from http://www. utsouthwestern. edu/media/footer_required_documents/audit-2008. pdf Rubel, R. (2010, February 24). Billing compliance audit report. Retrieved from http://res. dallasnews. com/localnews/responsivedocs_audit_2010. pdf

Your Home Business and Accounting 2019

Accounting for your home business is important to understand. While there is an overabundance of small business accounting software available, online and in stores, they will not be of any use to you if you dont understand them. Furthermore, knowing the details about tax obligations, what expenses are deductible an many other things like supply depreciation, can leave you clueless. As a business professional, you simply have to know these things because they apply directly to you and your business related bookkeeping. Taking some courses in basic accounting is definitely worth considering. Internet-based education programs can provide you with individual classes and accounting certification programs that are in depth. If the subject interests you enough, you may even pursue a degree in the accounting field, with a concentration in small business. If you are looking for an associates degree that is obtainable online in business with an accounting focus, try Kaplan University or Florida Metropolitan University. Many other online universities offer higher degrees in accounting, such as University of Phoenix Online, Warren National University and Colorado Technical University Online. .ue18e50246d1d464d33cda7ebb341c5fd { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .ue18e50246d1d464d33cda7ebb341c5fd:active, .ue18e50246d1d464d33cda7ebb341c5fd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .ue18e50246d1d464d33cda7ebb341c5fd { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .ue18e50246d1d464d33cda7ebb341c5fd .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .ue18e50246d1d464d33cda7ebb341c5fd .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .ue18e50246d1d464d33cda7ebb341c5fd:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Obtaining a Teaching DegreeCommunity colleges and other traditional universities provide continuing education classes, including accounting, and classes are available during evening hours for those who work during th day. If you are a small business owner, a course or two in accounting will be helpful, and wont require nearly as much time as pursuing a complete higher degree in the subject. An alternative would be to hire an outside consultant to create a bookkeeping system for you. You can then take an evening or online course so that you can understand the fundamentals behind the accounting. Information on tax laws will more than likely be included in such a course. In order to maximize tax benefits, every home business operator should learn the best financial practices. You may also receive guidance from a tax attorney. It is important to familiarize yourself with both state and federal laws, as both will apply to your business. All of the information you need may not be available from on consultant, one online class or a single internet search. Besides record keeping and tax law, there are also other important business accounting details that are important to know, such as how analyze the companys performance. After a bit of research, you will be able to find the educational resources necessary to become a business owner that is well informed about his or her own business finances. .u44e613fedd61e5a584e7511f23b8c7ae { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u44e613fedd61e5a584e7511f23b8c7ae:active, .u44e613fedd61e5a584e7511f23b8c7ae:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u44e613fedd61e5a584e7511f23b8c7ae { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u44e613fedd61e5a584e7511f23b8c7ae .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u44e613fedd61e5a584e7511f23b8c7ae .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u44e613fedd61e5a584e7511f23b8c7ae:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Health Care Employment OpportunitiesRelated ArticlesEarning Your Online Masters Degree in Education to Secure Your FutureRN to Bachelor of Science in Nursing 10 Highest Paying Nursing Specialties in ColoradoOnline Postgraduate Business Administration DegreesStudying Computer Science Through Distance LearningHow to Find a Quality Online Computer Science SchoolColleges for the Health Care Professions

ema b120 Essay - 1007 Words

The main reason for this is the radical changes put in place so rapidly with immediate effect. This resulted in lack of structure and consistency throughout the whole chain stores, as you gave each store manager to much autonomy to change the store i.e. decor, food menu etc., the business culture values as a whole was lost and that was what made the business a success before. I understand some changes had to be made but not so drastically. The loss of business culture and lack of dimension of structure had a lot negative effect in the business especially demographic and sociology factor wise as regular customers dislike the changes and constant change in staff router, the reason for this was staff/managers never has any incentive target to†¦show more content†¦These can take many forms, and would include the annual office party, employees and inner site completion (what does this mean?). (as mentioned before) Physical form: these include location, open plan or individual plan or individual office. Not relevant in a restaurant. Communication: Stories of notable events in the past tend to become part of the culture of the business and can influence behaviour explain how this relates to the case. A common language: jargon is common to many business. It is a convenient short hand form of communication, but is also effect behaviour. Disney employees are â€Å"cast crew† while McDonalds employee are â€Å"crew Members†. You have to be careful to hold on to the facts of the case, and not to go off at a tangent. Part 2 One of topics I found interesting through reading and taking part inShow MoreRelatedB120 EMA2566 Words   |  11 Pagesï » ¿B120 End-of-module assessment Question 1 a) In order to grow the business, I decided to complete a STEEP and SWOT analysis evaluating Bremont’s HRM, accounting and finance, and marketing functions. I used my analysis table to identify how the internal and external environmental factors relate to organization s competitive position in relation to its competitors. S(ociological) - greater numbers of low income groups, wider array of migrants from EU, inequality, geographic mobility, employmentRead MoreEssay on B120 Ema2383 Words   |  10 PagesQ. 1 a) In order to grow the business, I have completed a SWOT analysis table, looking at the headings of the HRM, accounting and finance and the marketing departments as all of the findings need to be taken into account when making any business decisions. Below I have shown my swot analysis table. This is used to ensure that I have taken all aspects of the business into account before I analyse where the strengths and weakness of the company lie. SWOT Analysis for SHP. (Second Hand Phones) Read MoreTMA 01 B100 introduction to buisness2060 Words   |  9 Pages B120 EMA EMA CONTENT Page No. Question 1 1 Question 2 2-4 Question 5 4-6 Question 1 Part (a) This analysis can be applied to Bremont as such, Strengths As far as marketing is concerned Bremont , have already cut out into the with the brand itself has already reaching international

Struggles of Immigrants and Native Americans - 1095 Words

1. The Mexican government system over the Native Americans introduced the policy of mercantilism. In this system, merchants and the government based in Mexico partnered to make a strong political rule over Native Americans. In the process, the colonial government backed the merchants in exploiting the resources of the native peoples. In exchange, the government took its share in terms of taxes and duties. The tax that the colonial government earned was used to equip the loyal navy such that the Mexican would be safe from attacks. The army also sought to expand territories whenever they wanted (De Montalvo 5). The significant impact of this policy was that the Native Americans suffered under the spell of poverty as their resources were siphoned to Mexico and other developing colonies. The Spanish rulers, who colonized the Native Americans, implemented a policy that the colonists found hard to follow. They wanted to create a society whereby heredity was the determinant for ranks. When the Spanish occupied Florida, only five Spanish-born families were in the colony. As more and more Spaniards arrived, the issue of the rank became paramount than that of the skin tone. In the meanwhile, they forced the policy of social stratification and succeeded. They, however, failed to connect rank with the purity of European blood, thus creating a culturally diverse society (Muir). Administration of the United States imposed a policy of unrewarded labor to the Native Americans. Each NativeShow MoreRelatedAmeric A Diverse Country961 Words   |  4 Pagesof diverse culture in one continent. Does anyone ever imagine what struggles immigrants’ face, before settling in this country? There is not one or two struggle but it is a handful of struggle every family has to g through. Even after they have settled down, their past life does not stop to effect their present. Their kids are raised in a cultural background, which impacts their social and school life. 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Synthesis Concept of Information and Analytical †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Synthesis Concept of Information and Analytical. Answer: Introduction: Information Technology (IT) risk management is the application of business principles and practices (that handle business risks) in an IT organization with the aim of controlling, organizing, directing and planning to potential that may occur in the field. IT risk management assists businesses in identifying the risk that relate to business ownership, business operations, influence, adoption and implementation of IT devices and appliances. This means that through IT risk management, businesses are able to avoid, prevent and manage these potential threats to their IT operations or department (Beauchamp-Akatova et al, 2013). Business uncertainties or risks can cause great impacts to business operations, especially the businesses whose operations rely entirely on the information technology department and applications. In that case, IT risk management becomes an important aspect of ensuring information security because of its ability to inflict support on the business operations towards achieving its goals and objectives. Therefore, it is clear it is important for business management team to be able to access and manage IT risks for it succeed. Financial Services Sector Review There are many business organizations in the world that can be said to be financial institutions offering financial services and products, e.g. depositories (like banks, credit associations and thrifts), insurance companies (life assurance, property, health and injury insurances), investment businesses (real estate, trust funds, REMICs and REITs), finance companies, exchange companies (stock exchange companies, insurance businesses) to name just but a few. The financial institutions are guided and governed by certain specific government rules and regulations in relation to their services and products. The role of these regulations is to help these financial institutions to continue upholding the services they offer to their country or rather customers as well as to the government (Sweeting, 2017). Just like any other business, the financial institutions are faced with different kind of risks during their operations. The risks associated with the provision of financial services by fin ancial institutions differ according to services provided or rather according to the type of institution itself. The different kind of services include the following: origination, distribution, packaging, servicing, intermediation and market making services (Schneider et al, 2011). Therefore, financial institutions being some of the most fundamental organizations in every country, they must find ways of managing those risks that are capable of affecting their operations negatively.The following are the risk categories that affect financial institutions: These risks are associated with the change of asset value according to systematic aspects. This means that the financial institution assumes this risk personally when its assets change in value due to changes in economic conditions. Examples of these risks are change in interest rates caused by economic changes. Therefore, to be able to manage these kinds of risks, financial businesses focus on tracking, be aware and understand some of the systematic changes that may a risk occurrence like interest rate risks, commodity price risks, foreign exchange risk among others (Acharya et al, 2017). They occur when the business debtors do no pay back what they owe. This happens mostly to financial businesses that offer crediting services but especially those that that highly illiquid assets as credit cover (Kavun et al, 2016). The credit risk can be caused by the unwillingness or inability of the debtor to pay the company. These risks is capable of affecting both the business crediting operations, the business shareholders profits and the debtors ability to borrow funds (Bonsall IV et al, 2016). This risks is associated with a trading partners failure to perform as expected. These risks can be caused by systematic/economic, political or legal changes or effects towards the trading partner to the financial institution. To avoid and prevent such a risk from occurring, the business should ensure that all possible influences are evaluated and analyzed effectively before drawing or starting the trading partnership. Additionally, all partners should work together to ensure solutions are available and ready to be implemented whenever such changes occur. Operational risks occur whenever the financial institution carries out a transaction, eg product or service processing and when taking or making trading deliveries in exchange for money. Furthermore, these kinf risk may occur when the business is doing it record keeping, computing payment amounts, processing system failures and while trying to comply with certain financial rules and regulations set by the government. These risks can cause extreme negative impacts towards a business operations and its financial budgets and expenses. To mitigate such a risk, businesses should ensure that their processes and practices are completely in accordance with government regulations and that their employees are well qualified and experienced in their respective areas. They are related to the legal standards set by the government and other authorities (like court orders) expected to be achieved and adhered to by the financial institution. However, these legal risks may also arise when a business fails to follow the laws and rules set to govern a contractual agreement when trading with partners. For instance, environmental regulations set by the government affect the operations of institutions like real estate institutions by affecting the value of the older buildings. Other rules that govern business management for operations and employees like fraud and security law violations can cause adverse negative effects towards a business. With that in mind, it is safe to say that, every financial institution is viable to at least one of these risks depending with the services it offers. Additionally, every business should come up with different ways to identify these risks and manage them effectively to increase its success chances in the financial business industry. When it comes to security status of a financial institution, the main business IT appliance and devices are involved. Therefore, the security of a financial institution is determined by the security provided by the technology appliances and devices being used by the business to conduct its operations, g computers, software and hardware appliances, computer networks, programs and applications. It is important to note that, in the current, a large number of businesses are now using these appliance to conduct their operations- especially the financial institutions (Sinclair et al, 2007). The financial businesses are currently using the improved technological devices to process services, communicate, invest and conduct other operations. These institutions are using the internet and computers to transfer funds, receive funds, carry out investment operations among other things (Reim et al, 2016); simply called e-commerce. However, research has proved that security treats to these devices h as increased over the last number of years with very high margins. This has been caused by the technology development and advancement which is relative to the improvement of these devices and appliances. This means that when the security threats increase towards the computers, its components and internet and its components, then treats towards financial institutions increase. In general terms, these threats can be referred to as cyber insecurities and can be caused by implementation of such practices like allowing employee to carry their own technology appliances to work. Most financial institutions are currently prone to cyber insecurities than any other business organizations. These cyber insecurities are caused by the cyber criminals whose main objective is to steal money of financial information about the institution or its customers. However, there are other aims for cyber insecurity, e.g. disruption of business operations, destruction of critical business infrastructure, compromise of financial business information etc. therefore, in a financial institution risk management, the business must focus on the management of cyber security risks and threats (Jouini et al, 2014). Types of Cyber Security Risks This refers to the use of mobile phones to receive or send money from one region to another. In the current business world, many businesses have adopted the use of mobile banking services which they describe to be a very effective and efficient method for both the customer and the financial organization (Greenwood et al, 2015). However, mobile security status has become a big challenge for financial institutions. This is simply because the traditional methods implemented to protect financial information of the customer is not effective for the mobile banking practice (Gitman et al, 2015). Financial institutions have created mobile applications that are becoming popular to the customers in conducting their financial operations. However, these applications are facing threat of attack especially with the increase in mobile phone application robustness. When the app is robust, the financial information of the user is at risk of being exposed to unauthorized person which may lead to theft of funds without disturbing the functionality of the app or mobile phone and therefore not notifying the owner. There is an increase in the use of social media platforms by businesses when carrying out their operations like advertising, marketing, promotion and sales among other things. This also means that there is increase in mobile phones and social media connections especially in platforms like twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook and Instagram o name a few (Phippen et al, 2014). Financial institutions have also adopted the use of these social media platforms whereby most of them also create accounts with the objective of improving customer communication and relations (Alhabeeb et al, 2010). When financial institutions join these platforms, they increase the chances of fake account creation by unauthorized persons who try to trick users into providing confidential information e.g. about their finances, account passwords and account login details among other things. These risks can also be realized when business employees leak business secrets in those platforms without permission. Security breach is related to password hacking, description of encrypted data, change or manipulating of data. All these breaches are capable of causing adverse problems for businesses if not managed effectively. Such kind of breaches can lead to information theft or theft of funds which is a loss for businesses. Cyber security attacks like use of malware, botnets, ransomware, Trojan horses, viruses and spyware to name just but a few, have also proved to be extremely dangerous for business organizations, especially the financial institutions (Sadgrove, 2016). This is simply because, most financial institutions use technology devices like computers, software and hardware computer appliances, computer networks, programs and applications that are extremely prone to such attacks (Geri? et al, 2007). These attacks affect an appliances use and operation by restricting access or disrupting the operation processes. This has offered new hacking opportunities for cyber criminals. These is basically the connection of technological devices and appliances to the internet to help them operate, e.g. home appliances, vehicles, medical devices etc. in relation to financial institutions, devices like CCTV cameras and ATM machines rely on technology to operate, e.g. banks. Therefore, their use can lead to theft and other attacks that cause expensive problems to the institution. Other risks like software engineering, phishing, farming, inside attacks, skimming, spoofing, DoS attacks etc. are also common when it comes to financial institution cyber security (Raba et al, 2012). However, given that financial institutions operations relate to dealing with money, investments and assets, they certainly become constant targets for cyber security risks and threats. These risks can cause immense losses to both the institutions and customers. Therefore, it is important for Aztek Company to identify and understand some of these threats that can affect its operations by attacking its security systems. When the company decides on implementation of the said project, these chances of these risks increasing and affecting the business operations are extremely high. Financial threats aimed at disrupting financial institutions operations are become more and more as technology advances. These threats are mostly the cyber security threats discussed above. Recent research has shown that cyber security crime threat has increasingly been dominated by massive security attacks. According to Vasile et al, 2012, these attacks have become more sophisticated in a way that they are now chasing after the financial institutions financial information instead of the individual customers. It is clear that these attacks are becoming a common practice for different groups of criminals ranging from large state-like organizations to small decentralized individual groups funded and supported by self-directed networks. Nevertheless, these attacks are not easily to carry out and are rarely successful but when successful, they cause great damage to the financial organization as well as yield extremely high profits for the criminals. This is what attracts most of these gr oups into targeting these institutions and especially those that are rated to be more successful in terms of profits than others (Landier, 2011), e.g. top most rated banks in Australia (National Australia Bank- NAB, Commonwealth Bank- CBA, Australian New Zealand-ANZ Bank and Westpac-WBC). In that case, when Aztek Company implements the project in question, the chances of these threats becoming real are extremely high. When employees are allowed to carry their personal laptops and other devices to work in these financial organizations, there are chances that they may bring these threats with them. Apparently, most of the financial organizations have security systems set up for their networks and computers as well as their appliances to protect them from certain threats. A large number of financial institutions have developed a firewall to protect their devices from being attacked by viruses, malware, spyware, worms. Additionally they have set up tight security measures that protect business operations and data from being breached and stolen. Therefore, the project should ensure that no machine that can be used in the financial building without being scanned for security threats. Financial institutions are vulnerable to cyber security attacks as long as technology improves. Most financial institutions like banks have developed new ways to ease customers access to funds. They have created better ways to save, send and spend money. This has created more competition opportunities for businesses towards being a dominant in these sector- especially with technology advancement. On the other hand, as the institutions improve access for their customers, they also offer increase in vulnerability of the organizational security system (Peng, 2009). This means that by advertising these new methods of access by customers, they also give strategies to potential criminals to attack and breach their security system. In addition to that, most financial institutions are prone to the storage of information in an online system.The institutions store most of their sensitive and confidential data, when encrypted, in the name safe keeping (Olson et al, 2015). These kind of storage make these institutions easier targets for cyber security attack or breach. The institutions become more vulnerable when they start using technology advanced appliances and devices to conduct their operations. Through this they also the customers information in jeopardy. As for Aztek Company, the implementation of the project should mean serious security scrutiny and measures. When the project is implemented, it increases the chances of vulnerability of the company. The employees will have company security passwords which they can use outside the company building. By doing this, they increase the opportunities for the cyber criminals to access company information. Therefore, the company should ensure that is has identified all possible vulnerability areas and found solutions for them. Every financial organization should ensure that any risk related to security of data or assets is identified, carefully analyzed and evaluated to reduce the chances of security breach or attack (Aven, 2016). Other than that, a business can ensure that all its assets are safe and secure and that its networks are protected from unauthorized access and use. In the case of Oztek Company, when the project of allowing employees to use their personal devices in conducting business operations can cause serious negative effects and consequences like: Leakage of organizational data to unauthorized personnel. This is an effect that can happen both intentionally and in an unintentional way. Apparently, the most common way that employee may end up leaking business information is through the social networking platforms. They get access to the company page or website and post unauthorized information. Loss of confidential information. This occurs mostly when employee appliances like laptops, hardware, software and mobile phones get lost. If these appliances have been being used by the employee to perform their responsibilities in the company, then some crucial information about the company may be lost (Glendon et al, 2016). Creating a platform for criminal hacking. When employees use mobile phone and laptops in a business operation and building, they create an opportunity for hackers to access the companys security network hence accessing its information. Offers an opportunity for attack by malicious applications. When employees use their devices in a business environment, they create better access for criminals to access the companys network system and transfer malicious applications and programs that disrupt or restrict the businesss operations and processed. Actions leading to the effects Remote worker security Unauthorized physical and network access Unauthorized application use Misuse of password and login/logout procedures and details Therefore, before implementing a policy that allows employees to use their personal appliances for business operations, the management team should identify and understand the potential impacts caused by that policy towards business operations and performance. Project DataIdentification The project managers and the project team members will be used to assess possible project risks and create possible solutions for the risks. The team will be allowed to access all the company departments, analyze all the processes involved in completion an operations and identify potential risks that may arise after the implementation of the project. In addition to that, the project team will be involved in evaluating and checking all the employee appliances like laptops, mobile phones, software and hardware devices and other programs that can be applicable in any business operation and process (Hansson et al, 2014). The project team will also be responsible for evaluating the companys network security system and the security levels for the whole organization, especially those that relate to financial information data protection and safety. The main aim of this process is to be able to identify possible security risks and suitable solutions to those risks. The security risks data collected will first be accessed by the top management team of Aztek Company. This is because they are the main parties involved in the implementation of the project policy. However, later these risks will be communicated to the other employees to be able to get opinions from them. The risk information that will be given to the employees will be one that relates to them. However, there will be a chance for them to air out their ideas on the project which encourages project participation and acceptance (Nicolas et al, 2017). When the risks are identified, the employee, top management team and project team members opinions will be considered when deciding the suitable solution to the risks. For instance, the cyber security risks will be mitigated by developing a strong and reliable firewall to prevent security breach and malicious application attacks (Mehra et al, 2017). The risk of appliance loss will be reduced by installing the devices with traceable programs and applications to be used whenever they are stolen. The risk of information loss and leakage will be reduced by installing programs that will protect employee devices from being hacked and being used to breach company network firewall. Conclusion Project risk management is an essential process towards ensuring project success. The risk management process involves risk assessment process, risk mitigation process and risk evaluation process (monitoring and controlling). However, the risk assessment process involves the identification of the potential project risks, analysis of the identified risk, risk estimation and finally risk evaluation. In a financial institution, the operations are mostly conducted by the use of information technology devices and appliances. In the modern world, technology advancement has caused an increase in IT risks especially those that relate to cyber security. Additionally, with such a project like allowing employees to use their personal devices in performing business operations, the risks of insecurity also increases. Therefore, I can say that Aztek Company should be ready to perform an effective risk assessment plan to be able to succeed in its project. References Acharya, V. 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